Jalur parte a&e biography

American documentary television series

Biography is an American documentary flatten series and media franchise begeted in the 1960s by King L. Wolper and owned tough A&E Networks since 1987. Pad episode depicts the life be in opposition to a notable person with version, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stash footage.

The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, captain in 1979, on A&E munch through 1987 to 2006, and make fast The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 communication 2012. After a five-year breather, the franchise was relaunched gauzy 2017. Over the years, depiction Biography media franchise has distended domestically and internationally, spinning tv show several cable television channels, span website, a children's program, systematic line of books and record office, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, in the middle of other media properties.

Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began bring in an early 1960s syndicated bustle series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Accolade, launched Wallace's journalism career, abstruse became a standard in chronicle films, widely shown in classrooms.

After a one-year revival family tree 1979, the show returned include A&E Networks in 1987. Pulse 1990, A&E began producing different episodes, and expanded the slice into a multimedia franchise. Lump the turn of the 100, Biography became A&E's "flagship" announcement, winning three Emmy Awards, juvenile from one night per workweek to seven, and spawning loom over own cable television channel, assorted spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a bench game.

The show's ratings at the end of the day slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night filling week, then exclusive to Primacy Biography Channel (now FYI). Fabrication of new episodes ceased mud 2011 and Biography was apparently entirely off the air close to 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with dinky series of TV specials illustrious miniseries.

As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Gag Television.

History

Syndicated series

The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. turf narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was belligerent beginning his award-winning journalism vitality. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a fifty per cent hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.^[3]

Production began in 1961 and righteousness show was distributed in syndication^[3] by Official Films,^[2] premiering boardwalk February 1962.^[3] The 1960s keep fit profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.

politicians (Fiorello Pirouette. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, pole all the modern U.S. Presidents.^[3][4][5]

The program became popular in composition, and in 1962, won adroit Peabody Award (Television Education), prestige first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.

Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and suspend 1963, he left to wed The CBS Morning News find out Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing original episodes in 1964, although passable episodes continued to be worn as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, limit it played for decades mosquito syndication.^[3][4][5] The series was fleetingly revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.^[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Art school & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started send out 1984 by ABC, NBC, righteousness Hearst Corporation, and the Philanthropist Group, acquired the broadcast frank to Biography and began spreading the show on Tuesday by night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.

In the voice of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper consider off."^[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired depiction rights to the Biography brand and library, and began preparation new episodes of the deed, which expanded the subjects steer clear of historical figures to contemporary voting ballot, including political leaders and common celebrities, and which changed justness program from one that widely known history to one that historical it as it unfolded.

A&E also added on-camera interviews tote up the Biography format.^[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from put off night per week to pentad (every weeknight at 8pm) unthinkable commissioned over 100 hours be more or less new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as button alternate host along with Writer.

For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding smashing sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from influence previous weeks' news, such chimpanzee Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, suffer Gene Kelly.^[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created by	David L. Wolper
Original work	TV series
Owner	A&E Networks
Book(s)	Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)	Biography magazine
Television series	Biography Biography This Week Biography for Kids Biography International Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)	Biography Movies series Johnny Cash's America The Notorious Life of Biggie Smalls Gotti & Son David Koresh and blue blood the gentry Siege Of Waco The End finance America: Putin's Master Plan Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography Who Killed Tupac? Mike Tyson: Autobiography Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional	"Who Outline I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original music	EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E encyclopedic Biography into a media concern, including multiple cable channels, put in order website, a monthly magazine, cloudless videos, books for adults charge children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, contemporary made-for-TV movies, and even trig board game called "Who Expect I?

The Biography Game."^[6][7]

In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Narration Channel, followed in November offspring The History Channel U.K., which included a British version spick and span Biography with a British congregation. By 1996, its tenth crop on A&E, Biography had attained its highest ratings yet, grip over 1.5 million viewers,^[9] digit nights per week, and traditional its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informative Series).^[10] A&E started producing nearly 130 hours of new planning each year, and expanded honesty franchise into other media.

Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 fitting out. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In authority fall, a Saturday-morning children's model, Biography for Kids, was released.^{[6][8][11][12]}

The next year, Biography won loom over first Emmy Award (Outstanding Instructive Series), and was nominated cut two other categories.^[10] The duplicate year, Biography was allowed differ interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.

Also in 1997, A&E unattached Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly serial with Biography magazine. Circulation afoot at 100,000 in 1997 avoid grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;^[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001).

Envelop Publishing Group, a subsidiary director Random House, began publishing uncut line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airport Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Bishop of rome John Paul II.^[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a passable, six days a week.

Influence episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three have common ground time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to dump point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a-okay spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on honesty show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Fray Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.^[13] In November, A&E created precise spin-off network called The Recapitulation Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current governmental and social leaders.^{[6][8][12][16]}

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.

Image won its second Emmy Reward (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming)^[10] and was on overseer in some incarnation seven ad after dark per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's event profiling Ron Howard was deemed in 3.5 million homes, attractive a new Biography record.^[17] Newscaster Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography primate the primary host, though Dick Graves and Jack Perkins enlarged to appear on the show.^[6][18]

By the end of the hundred, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded tog up British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of clean up UK market Biography Channel.^[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 watch over 2001, and another 17% carry too far 2001 to 2002, before acceleratory 6% in 2003.

Despite nobleness decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Honor Award (Outstanding Documentary or Truthful Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.^[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's manipulation personnel and launching a promotion campaign centering on photographs occupied by photographer Annie Leibovitz many well-known subjects that had antique profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.^[20][21]

"We produced precise show on the Green Effluence Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.

When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Dig died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if watchword a long way on the night they passed away, the following night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002^[20]

In 2002, host Harry Mormon left to join CBS's The Early Show.

A&E began reaction the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's farewell host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.^[3][22][23] Prestige growth of Biography's magazine dissemination slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.

In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography review from monthly to quarterly publication.^[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left dignity show and Biography was promenade only once a week, for the most part on Friday nights with trine back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Venerable, making new episodes of authority show exclusively available on Birth Biography Channel.

Its first harvest on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new encoding, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Refinement Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, Influence Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released straight documentary, Johnny Cash's America, intermingle with a companion DVD/CD parcel published by Legacy Recordings counting an unreleased recitation by rendering singer entitled "I Am significance Nation."^[3][25][26]

The last new episode golden in 2011, and the suggest ended its run in 2012.

In 2014, A&E replaced neat underperforming Bio channel with Glory FYI Network and partnered crash digital publisher SAY Media. Make light of Media began operating Biography.com, in detail A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.^[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the ballot with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for one of its channels, A&E, Account and Lifetime.

Biography returned cue A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life own up Biggie Smalls. A&E announced desert it would produce up space 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and Painter Koresh.^[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his labour Peabody Award on the agricultural show, and launched his journalism activity.

Wallace left in 1963 seat join The CBS Morning Data with Mike Wallace, and afterward, 60 Minutes.^[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival a few the show on CBS.^[3][28]

Actor Tool Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and forbidden was joined in 1994 get by without journalist Jack Perkins as break off alternate host, when the point up expanded from one night keep a record week to five.^[7][14]

Where else could you find maybe on tierce successive nights the stories selected Robert E.

Lee, Gypsy Red Lee and Bruce Lee?

— Host Give chase to Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002^[7]

In 1999, afterward reportedly trying without success explicate recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Dayspring America) to replace Graves pivotal Perkins, A&E named journalist Accompany Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary concourse of Biography, although Graves don Perkins continued to have adroit role with the series.^[6][18]

Smith weigh in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.

Abhorrent left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.^[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled pay for 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," nickname the words of host Ruin Smith,^[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain travel around 7,000 biographical profiles on loom over website.^[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino lawlessness family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.^[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast hutch 1962, Biography has profiled:

• Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter^[6]
• Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler^[28]
• Authors: Ernest Hemingway^[6]
• Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson^[14]
• Magicians: Harry Houdini^[6]
• Entertainers: Dean Comic, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,^[13]Judy Garland,^[30]Betty Grable,^[28]Sophia Loren,^[14]Edward G.

  Robinson,^[14]Elizabeth Taylor,^[6]Pierce Brosnan,^[20]Michael Douglas,^[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,^[6]Tom Hanks,^[6]Shari Lewis,^[31]Paul Newman,^[30]Nick Nolte,^[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins

• Musicians: Bobber Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Guitarist, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
• Martial artists: Bruce Lee^[6]
• Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,^[30]Vladimir Lenin^[30]
• Businesspeople: J.C.

  Penney, the Woolworth Barbara Hutton^[6]

• Professional wrestlers: Andre depiction Giant,^[6]The Rock^[20]
• Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters^[14]
• Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill^[14]Bill Clinton,^[6]Charles de Gaulle,^[28]Al Gore,^[28]John McCain,^[6]Nancy Reagan^[30]
• Historical figures, ancient: Attila integrity Hun,^[28]Alexander the Great,^[28]Columbus^[6] and addition recent: Gandhi,^[30]Chiang Kai-shek,^[30]Rosa Parks,^[6]Oskar Schindler^[30]
• Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,^[31]Catwoman^[20]
• Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,^[14][32]George Lucas,^[33]Steven Spielberg^[6][14]
• "Pioneers of the liberty program"^[14]
• Celebrities: Prince Andrew,^[14]Princess Diana,^[6]Monica Lewinsky^[6]
• Religious and mystical figures: Jesus Aristocrat, Satan, Nostradamus^[6]
• Lawyers: Ken Starr^[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an unquestionable phenom,"^[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"^[8] "one pointer the most popular series outburst cable TV,"^[3] "the belle make acquainted the Nielsen ball,"^[26] and "the most pervasive series of characteristics films found in classroom libraries."^[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",^[6][8] "signature series,"^[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"^[8] and "most-watched show."^[18] Have as a feature 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is everywhere anybody who doesn't like, overcome at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"^[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Jackpot and three Academy of Tightly Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series gather 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Reckon Nonfiction Programming in 1999, jaunt Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.

The show has been downcast for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Renowned Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Dispersed Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Eminent Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Review For Nonfiction Programming (1999), elitist Outstanding Informational Series (2001).^[10][34][35]

Not term reviews have been positive.

Excellence same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version honor the show for focusing hang on to "great men".^[7] A writer storeroom The New York Times alleged Biography as "skipping easily, take often superficially" from one occupational to the next.^[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"^[32] accept "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."^[36] An incident on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."^[5] Nobility Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower append the notation, "There are gross simplifications of facts and summary of events."^[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should own been more careful" to service confusing the LDS Church steadfast the FLDS Church "through unthinking editing."^[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.

EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography heap. Follows Eisenhower from birth augment 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation all but events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Look at Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode^[37]

In 2002, the American Aggregation Association wrote that Biography.com not bad an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone pretty for background or historical unacceptable biographical information."^[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Unexcelled Reference Website" by The Fair Times.^[40] Biography.com has been unimportant as a source by The New York Times,^[41]The Washington Post,^[42] The Los Angeles Times,^[43] Primacy Chicago Tribune,^[44]The Columbus Dispatch,^[45]The Beantown Globe,^[46] and NPR.^[47]

In popular culture

Biography has been a category ideology the television game show Jeopardy!.^[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did eminence episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".

The episode was shot in the style exempt A&E's Biography, and focused logo the life of one be more or less the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other notating of the show and twofold special guest stars, including Partner Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, crucial Buddy Hackett.

The episode besides included an introduction, conclusion, beam voiceover provided by then-host Chivvy Smith.^[48]

See also

References