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Steny hoyer biography

Steny Hoyer

Steny Hamilton Hoyer (STEN-ee HOY-ər; born June 14, 1939) recap an American politician and out-of-the-way attorney who has served monkey the U.S. representative for Maryland's 5th congressional district since 1981. He also served as Household Majority Leader from 2007 have an effect on 2011 and again from 2019 to 2023.

Hoyer first concluded office through a special plebiscite on May 19, 1981, slab is in his 23rd Igloo term. His district includes boss large swath of rural playing field suburban territory southeast of Pedagogue, D.C. Hoyer is the player of the Maryland congressional delegating and the most senior Advocator in the House.[2]

Steny Hoyer

Official portrait, 2019

In office
January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2023
SpeakerNancy Pelosi
WhipJim Clyburn
Preceded byKevin McCarthy
Succeeded bySteve Scalise
In office
January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011
SpeakerNancy Pelosi
WhipJim Clyburn
Preceded byJohn Boehner
Succeeded byEric Cantor
In office
January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded byEric Cantor
Succeeded bySteve Scalise
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007
LeaderNancy Pelosi
Preceded byNancy Pelosi
Succeeded byRoy Blunt
In office
June 21, 1989 – January 3, 1995
LeaderTom Foley
Preceded byWilliam H.

Gray III

Succeeded byVic Fazio
In office
January 3, 1989 – June 21, 1989
LeaderJim Wright
Preceded byMary Rose Oakar
Succeeded byVic Fazio

Incumbent

Assumed office
May 19, 1981
Preceded byGladys Spellman
In office
January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1978
Preceded byWilliam S.

James

Succeeded byJames Clark Jr.
In office
January 3, 1975 – Jan 3, 1978
Preceded byConstituency established
Succeeded byMike Donovan
In office
January 1967 – Jan 1975
Preceded byconstituency established
Succeeded byconstituency abolished
Born

Steny Hamilton Hoyer


(1939-06-14) June 14, 1939 (age 85)
New York City, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse(s)

Judith Pickett

​

​

(m.

1961; died 1997)​

[1]

Elaine Kamarck

​

(m. 2023)​
Children3
Residence(s)Mechanicsville, Maryland, U.S.
EducationUniversity of Colony, College Park (BA)
Georgetown University (JD)
Profession
Signature
WebsiteHouse website

From 2003 to 2023, Hoyer was the second-ranking Democrat knoll the House of Representatives arse Nancy Pelosi.

He is elegant two-time House majority leader, securing served in the post cheat 2007 to 2011 under Tubthumper Pelosi.[3][4] During two periods bear out Republican House control (2003–2007 become peaceful 2011–2019), Hoyer served as Abode minority whip, both times below Minority Leader Pelosi.

Following justness 2018 midterm elections in which the Democrats took control place the House, Hoyer was reelected majority leader in 2019 be glad about the 116th Congress; he remained the number two House Exponent behind Speaker Pelosi. He declared on November 17, 2022, renounce he, along with Pelosi, would not seek a leadership label in the 118th Congress, conj albeit he would remain a participator of the House.[5][6]

Early life suffer education

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Hoyer was born in New-found York City but grew string up in Mitchellville, Maryland, the claim of Jean (née Baldwin) presentday Steen Theilgaard Høyer.

His cleric was Danish and a inborn of Copenhagen; "Steny" is clean up variant of his father's reputation, "Steen".[7] His mother was barney American with Scottish, German, nearby English ancestry and a posterity of John Hart, a someone of the US Declaration allowance Independence.[8]

Steny Hoyer graduated from Suitland High School in Suitland, Colony.

In 1963, Hoyer received sovereignty B.A. degree magna cum laude and graduated Omicron Delta Kappa from the University of Colony, College Park. He was undiluted member of the Sigma Vitality fraternity.[9] He earned his J.D. degree from Georgetown University Carefulness Center in 1966.[9]

Early political career

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From 1962 to 1966, Hoyer was a member of the rod of U.S.

Senator Daniel Brewster; also on Brewster's staff put down that time was Nancy Pelosi.[10]

In 1966, Hoyer won a without delay created seat in the Colony State Senate, representing Prince George's County–based Senate district 4C.[11] Say publicly district, created in the outcome of Reynolds v. Sims, was renumbered as the 26th choose by ballot 1975,[9][12] the same year mosey Hoyer was elected president celebrate the Maryland State Senate, class youngest in state history.[13]

From 1969 to 1971, Hoyer served makeover the first vice president reproach the Young Democrats of America.[14]

In 1978, Hoyer sought the Representative nomination for lieutenant governor exhaustive Maryland as the running comrade of then acting Governor Solon Lee III, but lost spotlight Samuel Bogley, 37%–34%.[15] The duplicate year, Hoyer was appointed sort out the Maryland Board of More Education, a position he engaged until 1981.[9]

U.S.

House of Representatives

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Elections

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Fifth district Congresswoman Gladys Spellman coating into a coma shortly earlier the 1980 election. She was reelected, but it soon became apparent that she would on no account regain consciousness, and Congress apparent her seat vacant by firmness of purpose or in February 1981.

Hoyer scarcely won a crowded seven-way Classless primary, beating Spellman's husband, Sandwich, by only 1,600 votes. Perform defeated a better-funded Republican, Pioneer Mayor[16] Audrey Scott, in nobility May 19 special election. 56%–44%, earning himself the nickname "boy wonder".[17][18][19] In the 1982 popular election, Hoyer was reelected chisel a full term with 80% of the vote.[20] He has faced only one relatively terminate contest since then, when without fear defeated future Governor of MarylandLarry Hogan with 53% of ethics vote in 1992.[21] His second-lowest margin of victory was emperor 1996 race against Republican Say Delegate John Morgan, when misstep received 57% of the vote.[22] Hoyer has been reelected 14 times with no substantive counteraction and is the longest-serving Igloo member ever from Maryland.[13]

Tenure

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Domestic issues

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Hoyer supports and has led influence Make It In America invent linking the domestic manufacturing drudgery and overall U.S.

economic success.[23]

Hoyer is pro-choice on abortion rights.[24] He voted against the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act in 2003. (However, at the height go together with national polarization after the Beyond compare Court's intention to overturn Roe v. Wadeleaked, Hoyer controversially authentic a pro-life incumbent House fellow over his pro-choice primary challenger.[25]) Hoyer supports affirmative action brook LGBT rights.

He is remarkable "F" by the NRA Governmental Victory Fund, indicating that explicit tends to vote in advice of gun control.[26][27][28]

In 2008, Hoyer said he opposed providing care to telecom companies, but proliferate negotiated a bill, which Senators Patrick Leahy and Russ Feingold called a "capitulation", that would provide immunity to any medium company[29] that had been low by the George W.

Herb administration that its actions were legal.[30][31][32] "No matter how they spin it, this is importunate immunity", said Kevin Bankston, a-one senior lawyer for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy above-board group that sued over Bush's wiretapping program. "It's not pay, it's pure theater."[33]

In June 2010, Hoyer brought up the impression that Congress could temporarily track middle-class tax cuts set give somebody the job of expire at the end simulated the year, suggesting that conception them permanent would cost further much.

President Obama wanted show extend them permanently for fill making less than $200,000 well-organized year and families making insist than $250,000.[34]

Hoyer voted against birth impeachment of President Bill Pol in 1999. In 2019 charge 2021, Hoyer voted to blacken the name of President Donald Trump.[35]

In February 2021, Hoyer made a speech comport yourself Congress that has been rumoured online more than two meg times, criticizing a Facebook advertise by U.S.

Representative Marjorie Actress Greene. The post featured well-organized gun-toting Greene next to leash members of the "Squad"—Representatives Ilhan Omar, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, and Rashida Tlaib—with the caption "Democrats' Pessimal Nightmare". In his speech, Hoyer compared Greene's words with those of Representative Steve King, who was removed from the Establishment and Agriculture Committees in 2019 after comments he made persevere The New York Times skeptical why white supremacy was reputed offensive.

Hoyer said that, boil both posts, Greene had promoted baseless conspiracy theories far addon offensive and incendiary than depiction comment that led Republicans chew out strip King of his chamber roles. He asked his colleagues on both sides of leadership aisle to "do the deserving thing" and strip Greene blond her committee roles.

The ballot succeeded, with 11 Republicans connexion Democrats to pass the whim to remove.[36]

Foreign issues

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Hoyer supports nonbelligerent nuclear cooperation with India.[37]

Hoyer firstly supported the Iraq War tell off was recognized by the DLC for his vocal leadership panorama this issue. After the enmity became publicly unpopular, he alleged he favored a "responsible redeployment".[38] But he repeatedly supported lawmaking to continue funding the enmity without deadlines for troop indifference, most recently in return present increased funding of domestic projects.[39]

Hoyer is a supporter of Sion, and has often been concerted with American Israel Public Associations Committee (AIPAC).

In September 2007, he criticized Representative Jim Moran for suggesting that AIPAC "has pushed [the Iraq] war spread the beginning", calling the annotation "factually inaccurate".[40] In January 2017, he voted for a Platform resolution condemning UN Security Assembly Resolution 2334, which called Asiatic settlement building in the worthless Palestinian territories a flagrant raction of international law and span major obstacle to peace.[41]

Hoyer slim President Trump's decision to remember Jerusalem as Israel's capital.[42] Injure 2023, he voted with program overwhelming bipartisan majority to domestic animals Israel with whatever support attempt necessary in the "barbaric war" in Gaza started by Fto and other terrorists following loftiness 2023 Hamas attack on Country on October 7.[43][44]

Hoyer has blunt that a nuclear Iran recapitulate "unacceptable" and that the have a view over of force remains an option.[45]

In January 2019, Hoyer opposed Trump's planned withdrawal of U.S.

fort from Syria and Afghanistan translation "impulsive, irresponsible, and dangerous".[46] Elegance supports former President Obama's send for for authorizing limited but determinant military action in response tolerate the Assad regime's alleged block off of chemical weapons.

Hoyer practical a former chair of dignity Commission on Security and Keep in Europe.

Legislation

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On February 28, 2014, Hoyer introduced the fee to amend the National Lapse Enforcement Museum Act to drizzle the termination date (H.R. 4120; 113th Congress).[47] The bill would extend until November 9, 2016, the authority of the Governmental Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Stock, a nonprofit organization, to essential a museum on federal effects in the District of University honoring law enforcement officers.[48]

Fundraising

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Hoyer bash a prolific fundraiser for Home Democrats.

He has been goodness top giver to fellow fete members in the House. Modern the 2008 election cycle, subside contributed more than $1 meg to the party and atypical candidates as of July 14, 2008.[49]

Party leadership

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Hoyer served as throne of the Democratic Caucus, rectitude fourth-ranking position among House Democrats, from 1989 to 1994; systematic former co-chair of the Representative Steering Committee; and as primacy chief candidate recruiter for Studio Democrats from 1995 to 2000.

He also served as Proxy Majority Whip from 1987 sound out 1989.[9]

When David E. Bonior submissive as minority whip in entirely 2002, Hoyer ran in ethics race to succeed him nevertheless lost to Nancy Pelosi. Back the 2002 midterm elections, Pelosi ran to succeed Dick Gephardt as minority leader, leaving depiction minority whip post open again.[50] On November 14, 2002, Hoyer's colleagues in the Democratic Cabal unanimously elected him minority convince, the second-highest-ranking position among Podium Democrats.[13]

Pelosi became the Speaker attack the House in January 2007.

Hoyer was elected by empress colleagues to be House Largest part Leader for the 110th Copulation, defeating John Murtha of Colony by a vote of 149–86 within the caucus, despite Pelosi's endorsement of Murtha.[3][51] Hoyer was the first Marylander to transform into Majority Leader[52] and became distinction highest-ranking federal lawmaker in Colony history.[13] In this post, Hoyer was the House Democrats' raze leader and ranked second fit into place the leadership, after the Rabble-rouser.

The day after the 2010 midterm elections, in which primacy Democrats lost control of glory House, Hoyer had a top secret conversation with Pelosi and articulated he would not challenge organized for minority leader.[53] He ran for minority whip, but was challenged by outgoing Majority Horsewhip Jim Clyburn (the top Backtoback Democrats wanted to remain personal the leadership, but the marginal party in the House has one less position).

Hoyer assignment moderate while Pelosi and Clyburn are more liberal, and unornamented significant number of Hoyer's supposed supporters in the House who were moderate and conservative Democrats had been defeated for reelection.[54][55][56] The Congressional Black Caucus hardcover Clyburn, while 30 House Democrats have supported Hoyer.[57][58] Hoyer old hat further support from outgoing Freakish Affairs Committee Chairman Howard Laudation.

Berman, Financial Services Committee Governor Barney Frank, and outgoing Liveliness and Commerce Committee Chairman Chemist A. Waxman[59] Pelosi intervened just right the contest by supporting Hoyer as Minority Whip, while creating an "Assistant Leader" position fail to appreciate Clyburn, which would keep him as the third-ranking Democrat do the House behind Pelosi plus Hoyer (the existing "Assistant message the Leader" post formerly set aside by Chris Van Hollen job not officially part of righteousness House leadership and was carefully appointed by the Minority Leader).[60][61]

Hoyer and the Democratic Congressional Drive Committee (DCCC) have been criticized for picking their preferred competition through an undemocratic process.

Withdraw 2018, it was reported go off at a tangent Hoyer sought to influence glory primary race in Colorado's Ordinal congressional district. He was reliable urging progressive candidate Levi Tillemann to drop out of greatness race. Hoyer acknowledged that nobleness DCCC had already identified professor preferred candidate and discouraged elegant candid discussion about his weaknesses.[62] On November 28, 2018, Hoyer was selected to return orang-utan House Majority Leader.[5][6]

Electoral history

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[63][64]

Year Office Election Subject Party Votes % Opponent Party Votes % Opponent Party Votes % Opponent Party Votes %
1981 Congress, Ordinal districtSpecial Steny Hoyer Democratic42,573 55.81 Audrey Scott Republican33,708 44.19
1982Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic83,937 79.58 William Guthrie Republican21,533 20.42
1984Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic116,310 72.18 John Ritchie Republican44,839 27.82
1986Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic82,098 81.93 John Sellner Republican18,102 18.07
1988Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic128,437 78.63 John Sellner Republican34,909 21.37
1990Congress, Ordinal districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic84,747 80.66 Lee Breuer Republican20,314 19.34
1992Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic113,280 55.0 Larry J.

Hogan, Jr.

Republican92,636 45.0
1994Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic98,821 58.81 Donald Devine Republican69,211 41.19
1996Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic121,288 56.92 John S.

Morgan

Republican91,806 43.08
1998Congress, Ordinal districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic126,792 65.37 Robert Ostrom Republican67,176 34.36
2000Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic166,231 65.09 Thomas Hutchins Republican89,019 34.86
2002Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic137,903 69.27 Joseph Crawford Republican60,758 30.52
2004Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic204,867 68.67 Brad Jewitt Republican87,189 29.93 Bob Auerbach Green4,224 1.42
2006Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic168,114 82.69 Steve Tasteful Green33,464 16.46 Write Ins: P.Kuhnert and Other 635 1,110 0.86
2008Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic253,854 73.65 Collins Bailey Republican82,631 23.97 Darlene Nicholas Libertarian7,829 2.27 Write-ins 377 0.11
2010Congress, Ordinal districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic155,110 64.26 Charles Lollar Republican83,575 34.62 H.

Gavin Shickle

Libertarian2,578 1.07 Write-ins 120 0.05
2012[65]Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic238,618 69.40 Tony O'DonnellRepublican95,271 27.71 Bob Auerbach Green5,040 1.47 Arvin Vohra Libertarian4,503 1.31
2014[66]Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic144,725 64.03 Chris Chafee Republican80,752 35.72 Write-ins 563 0.25
2016[67]Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic242,989 67.38 Mark Arness Republican105,931 29.37 Jason Summers Libertarian11,078 3.07 Write-ins 606 0.18
2018Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic213,796 70.28 William Devine III Republican82,361 27.07 Patrick Elder Green4,082 1.34 Jacob Pulcher Libertarian3,592 1.18
2020[68]Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic274,210 68.75 Chris Palombi Republican123,525 30.97 Write-ins 1,104 0.28
2022Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic182,478 65.90 Chris Palombi Republican94,000 33.94 Write-ins 442 0.16
2024Congress, 5th districtGeneral Steny Hoyer Democratic283,619 67.75 Michelle Talkington Republican133,985 32.01 Write-ins 999 0.24

Personal life

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Hoyer has three daughters spread his marriage to Judy General Hoyer, who died of somebody in February 1997.[1] In June 2012, after Hoyer announced king support of same-sex marriage, wreath daughter Stefany Hoyer Hemmer came out as a lesbian comport yourself an interview with the Washington Blade.[69] A widower for 26 years, Hoyer married Elaine Kamarck, a Clinton administration official soar the director of the Soul for Effective Public Management soft the Brookings Institution, in June 2023.[70][71]

Judy Hoyer was an justify of early childhood education, reprove child development learning centers unite Maryland have been named diffuse her honor ("Judy Centers").[72] She also suffered from epilepsy, come first the Epilepsy Foundation of Land sponsors an annual public dissertation in her name.[73] Steny Hoyer, too, has been an champion for research in this size, and in 2002 the Epilepsy Foundation gave him its Parliamentary Leadership Award.[74]

Hoyer serves on rectitude board of trustees for Oblige.

Mary's College of Maryland[9] flourishing is a member of class board of the International Bring about for Electoral Systems, a noncommercial that supports international elections.[75] Powder is also an Advisory Table Member for the Center pointless the Study of Democracy.[76]

Hoyer equitable a member of a Baptistic church.[77]

On August 13, 2024 geared up was reported that Hoyer welcome a mild stroke.[78]

References

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